schmied/reid/hartford©2009	Pressure vs Temperature	Name _________
all rights reserved	Lab	Period _____
	Reliability & Validity	Student #_____

Answer all questions in CQC sentences reflecting the question on a separate sheet of paper.

Level One: Investigation Analysis: PRE LAB QUESTIONS

For 1-5 identify each of the below elements of this experiment and tell why each is that element.

1. Study Subject (SS)

2. Manipulated Variable (MV)

3. Responding Variable (RV).

4. Control (Trial)

5. Experimental Trial.

6. Tell the scientific Question being investigated. (SS, MV, RV)

7. Create a Prediction for this experiment. (If, Then – compared to)

8. Propose a hypothesis for this experiment. (If, Then-compared to, Because)

9. Explain how this experiment will test the hypothesis.

10. Make a CQC System Analysis Figure showing

a. Control vs Exp Trial

b. Control vs Validity Trial

Level Two: Perform the Investigation

11. Follow the format given to create a CQC Data Table correctly calculated for both Part One and Part Two (Validity Trial) Additional Data Table Instructions

a. Put a “H” by the High (+ gain-loss) and a “L” by the Low ON BOTH DATA TABLES.

b. Also calculate and show the Range for each set of trials in the legend. Note: The range of data in a set of experimental trials often reveals potential error. For example a large range might reveal uncontrolled variables (like a defective pump, or improper procedures), while a small range of data shows variables are tightly controlled. (all pumps working well, all teams carefully following same procedures).

c. Show the Averages including Temperature gain/loss for each set of trials (Parts 1 & 2).

12. Create a CQC Bar Graph using the High/Low/Avg temperature gain/loss AND Range of data for Part 1 & 2 of the experiment on ONE side by side bar graph.  (See instructor for format)

Part A Data Table One: Pressure vs Temperature (2L & Thermometer)

Lab #	Air Temp 2L bottle STP (degrees C)	Air Temp 2L x 300 pumps (degrees C)	+ Gain - Loss (degrees C)
1	.	.	.
2	.	.	.
3	.	.	.
4	.	.	.
5	.	.	.
6	.	.	.
7	.	.	.
8	.	.	.
Averages	..	..	.
Operator:	.	Range	.
Recorder:	.	Observers:	.

Part B Data Table Two: Pressure vs Temperature (VacuVin & Thermometer)

Lab #	Air Temp VacuVin STP (degrees C)	Air Temp VacuVin x 60 (degrees C)	+ Gain - Loss (degrees C)
1	.	.	.
2	.	.	.
3	.	.	.
4	.	.	.
5	.	.	.
6	.	.	.
7	.	.	.
8	.	.	.
Averages	.	.	.
Observers:		Range
Recorder:		Operator:

Level Three: Investigation Analysis Questions
13. Describe at least 2 variables that were controlled and tell why each was controlled. Be prepared to defend your answer. (not the MV or the RV!).

14. Identify at least 2 uncontrolled variables (that matter) in this experiment and explain how each of these uncontrolled variables could have affected the experiment's results.

15. Clearly identify 2 potentially critical sources of error for this experiment, tell which category each is and tell WHY each is that type of error.
Use statistical procedures to analyze the experimental data.

16. Identify two key differences between the Experimental and Control trial data for each set (regular and validity) of trials.

17. Identify and Interpret patterns and/or variations in the Experimental trial data using patterns in the Control data or graphs.  Especially tell what type of relationship this is.

18. Make 2 Inferences, not observations, about data gathered.

Level Four: Create a Conclusion using facts, reasons, evidence, & details

a. Tell the scientific question being investigated
b. Restate the hypothesis
c. Tell if this hypothesis is Accepted or Rejected (Tell why in d below!)

Now summarize the evidence using data from your Analysis (level three). In your writing CLEARLY distinguish between the results (evidence) and your conclusions (explanations)

d. Tell why the hypothesis was Accepted or Rejected. 

i. State/Compare the Regular (Part 1) Experimental trial data (results) to the Control data in meaningful ways.  (Tell Hi, Low, Average, & Range.  Tell trends, patterns and variations in data. At the end tell what you conclude from this data.

ii. State/Compare the Validity (Part 2) Experimental trial data (results) to the Control data in meaningful ways.  (Tell Hi, Low, Average, & Range.  Tell trends, patterns and variations in data.  At the end tell what you conclude from this data.

iii. Use inferences from the results and evidence to describe the relationship between Pressure and Temperature in an enclosed space.

e. Describe how the experimental design strengthened the reliability of each Part of the experiment.

f. Describe at least 2 key sources of error that affected, or could of affected, the experiment's outcome

g. Explain how the design of this experiment strengthened the validity of the over-all experiment.

h. Tell what you learned in at least 3 meaningful sentences!  Potential topics are:

i. Something you learned about doing experiments (new or better).
ii. Working as a team member
iii. Safety precautions
iv. Something related to this experiment you’d like to do in the future

 

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